Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis in Current Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

Edited by Peter Mikus, ISBN 978-953-51-0657-9, Hard cover, 197 pages, Publisher: InTech, Published: August 29, 2012 under CC BY 3.0 license
DOI: 10.5772/3321

The scientific monograph by the author Peter Mikus entitled "Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis in Current Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis" provides a comprehensive view on the advanced capillary electrophoresis techniques aimed to current chiral bioanalysis. The advances in the chiral electrophoresis analytical approaches are divided and theoretically described in three sections involving (i) advanced chiral separations for the optimization of chiral resolution (separation mechanisms; electrophoresis techniques in capillary and microchip format; electrophoretic modes such as ITP, CZE/EKC, CEC; chiral additives / pseudophases / phases), (ii) advanced sample preparation for the on-line preconcentration, sample clean-up and analyte derivatization (implementation of electrophoretic effects such as stacking; non-electrophoretic effects such as SPE, chromatography, dialysis; combinations of these effects; multidimensional CE systems; instrumental schemes), (iii) advanced combinations of detection and electrophoresis for the optimization in qualitative and quantitative evaluation (the most important universal as well as selective detection approaches such as absorption and fluorescence spectrophotometry, electrochemical detection, mass spectrometry vs. (i) and/or (ii)). Real analytical potential (benefits and limitations) of these advanced analytical approaches is emphasized by selected performance parameters of the methods and illustrated by many current practical applications including chiral analyses of drugs, their (bio)degradation products and biomarkers in pharmaceutical and biological matrices. The author wishes the readers many inspirations in the creation of new innovative approaches in the field of advanced chiral electrophoresis techniques with the aim to overcome capabilities of the current analytical techniques.

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The Chemistry of Pincer Compounds

The Chemistry of Pincer Compounds.
Elsevier Science | ISBN: 0444531386 | 2007-07-23 | PDF | 470 pages | 9.7 MB

Pincer complexes are formed by the binding of a chemical structure to a metal atom with at least one carbon-metal bond. Usually the metal atom has three bonds to a chemical backbone, enclosing the atom like a pincer. The resulting structure protects the metal atom and gives it unique properties.

The last decade has witnessed the continuous growth in the development of pincer complexes. These species have passed from being curiosity compounds to chemical chameleons able to perform a wide variety of applications. Their unique metal bound structures provide some of the most active catalysts yet known for organic transformations involving the activation of bonds. The Chemistry of Pincer Compounds details use of pincer compounds including homogeneous catalysis, enantioselective organic transformations, the activation of strong bonds, the biological importance of pincer compounds as potential therapeutic or pharmaceutical agents, dendrimeric and supported materials.

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Advances in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis, Catalysts, and Catalysis

Advances in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis, Catalysts, and Catalysis.

By B. H. Davis, Mario L. Occelli

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Number Of Pages: 424
• Publication Date: 2009-11-10
• ISBN-10 / ASIN: 1420062565
• ISBN-13 / EAN: 9781420062564

Product Description:

Rising oil costs have stimulated significant interest in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) as a method for producing a synthetic petroleum substitute. Drawn from the proceedings at a symposium held during the 236^th meeting of the American Society in Philadelphia in August 2008, Advances in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis, Catalysts, and Catalysis explores the recent developments in Fischer-Tropsch technology, which holds great promise in the area of renewable resources.

Expert contributors explore a range of issues

The focuses on three main themes: catalyst preparation and activation, reaction mechanism, and process-related topics. A panel of expert contributors discusses synthesis of catalysts, nanomaterials, nitric oxide calcinations, the influence of carbon, catalytic performance issues, chelating agents, and Cu and alkali promoters. They also explore Co/silica catalysts, thermodynamic control, the Two Alpha model, co-feeding experiments, internal diffusion limitations, Fe-LTFT selectivity, and the effect of co-fed . Lastly, the book examines cross-flow filtration, kinetic studies, reduction of CO₂ emissions, syncrude, and low-temperature water-gas shift.

Attaining the maximum catalytic activity and catalyst life

The themes explored in the book demonstrate that while the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) has advanced in maturity, many issues remain concerning the preparation of increasingly active catalysts and the method of activation to attain the maximum catalytic activity and catalyst life. The book includes coverage of the structural features, their changes, and the application of increasingly sophisticated characterization techniques, shedding light on the reaction mechanism and providing a glimpse into the processes and reaction rates under realistic commercial process conditions.

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Asymmetric Organocatalysis

Asymmetric Organocatalysis (Topics in Current Chemistry, Volume 291)

By Benjamin List

• Springer
• Number Of Pages: 400
• Publication Date: 2010-03-28
• ISBN-10 / ASIN: 3642028144
• ISBN-13 / EAN: 9783642028144

Product Description:

The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern research. The scope of coverage includes all areas of science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science.

The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether at the university or in industry, a comprehensive overview of an area where new insights are emerging that are of interest to a larger scientific audience.

Thus each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years should be presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. A description of the procedures involved is often useful to the reader. The coverage should not be exhaustive in data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Discussion of possible future directions in the area is welcome. Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors.

Chapters in this volume:

* Noncovalent Organocatalysis Based on Hydrogen Bonding: Elucidation of Reaction Paths by Computational Methods

* Enamine Catalysis

* Carbene Catalysts

* Brønsted Base Catalysts

* Chiral Ketone and Iminium Catalysts for Olefin Epoxidation

* Amine, Alcohol and Phosphine Catalysts for Acyl Transfer Reactions

* Secondary and Primary Amine Catalysts for Iminium Catalysis

* Lewis Acid Organocatalysts

* Chiral Brønsted Acids for Asymmetric Organocatalysis.

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Synthesis of Solid Catalysts

Synthesis of Solid Catalysts.

By Krijn P. de Jong

• Publisher: Wiley-VCH
• Number Of Pages: 422
• Publication Date: 2009-07-14
• ISBN-10 / ASIN: 3527320407
• ISBN-13 / EAN: 9783527320400

Product Description:

This practical book combines recent progress with a discussion of the general aspects of catalyst preparation. The first part deals with the basic principles of solid catalyst preparation, explaining the main aspects of sol-gel chemistry and interfacial chemistry, followed by such techniques as co-precipitation and immobilization. New tools for catalyst preparation research, including microspectroscopy and high-throughput experimentation, are also taken into account. The second part heightens the practical relevance by providing six case studies on such topics as the preparation of zeolites, hydrotreating catalysts, methanol catalysts and gold catalysts.

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Hydrogen Bonding in Organic Synthesis

Hydrogen Bonding in Organic Synthesis. By Petri M. Pihko * Publisher: Wiley-VCH * Number Of Pages: 395 * Publication Date: 2009-12-14 * ISBN-10 / ASIN: 352731895X * ISBN-13 / EAN: 9783527318957 Product Description This first comprehensive overview of the rapidly growing field emphasizes the use of hydrogen bonding as a tool for organic synthesis, especially catalysis. As such, it covers such topics as enzyme chemistry, organocatalysis and total synthesis, all unified by the unique advantages of hydrogen bonding in the construction of complex molecules from simple precursors. Providing everything you need to know, this is a definite must for every synthetic chemist in academia and industry. From the Back Cover Snow and ice, water droplets, and all key materials of life –– the double strands of DNA and all proteins –– are held together by intermolecular forces called hydrogen bonds. These bonds, although weaker than bonds within molecules, are still strong enough to chaperone molecules into desired orientations, allowing chemists to use them as tools to perform reactions with high selectivity. In addition, hydrogen bonding can lead to metal–free catalysts, thus saving chemicals and energy in an otherwise lengthy purification process while also reducing the heavy metal output in the environment. This first comprehensive overview of the rapidly growing field emphasizes the use of hydrogen bonding as a tool for organic synthesis, especially catalysis. As such, it covers such topics as enzyme chemistry, organocatalysis and total synthesis, all unified by the unique advantages of hydrogen bonding in the construction of complex molecules from simple precursors. From the contents: ? Introduction ? Hydrogen Bond Catalysis or Br?nsted Acid Catalysis? General Considerations ? Computational Studies of Organocatalytic Processes Based on Hydrogen Bonding ? Oxyanion holes and their mimics ? Br?nsted Acids, H–Bond Donors, and Combined Acid Systems in Asymmetric Catalysis ? Hydrogen Bonding in Organic Synthesis – (Thio)urea Organocatalysts ? Highlights of Hydrogen Bonding in Total Synthesis Providing everything you need to know, this is a definite must for every synthetic chemist in academia

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Advanced Catalysts and Nanostructured Materials

William R. Moser, "Advanced Catalysts and Nanostructured Materials" .

Academic Press | 1996 | ISBN: 0125084609 | 592 pages | PDF | 36,9 MB

The time has come for an assessment of the most important techniques for the fabrication of advanced catalysts. Catalyst production alone is more than a billion dollar business each year, and the product value of chemical processes using advanced catalysts is a few trillion dollars annually. This book seeks to provide a modern, materials science account of the best and most current techniques for the synthesis of advanced catalytic materials.

Until now, there has been no single book which contains a definitive and comprehensive description of the important technologies for catalyst synthesis within the context of modern materials science. Academic researchers both in the catalytic sciences and materials sciences must have the best synthesis technologies available to accomplish the preparation of solid-state materials of specific structure and morphology. Althugh the emphasis is on new synthetic techniques for catalytic applications, the bookpresents all of the important technologies for the fabrication of electronic and structural ceramics, and superconductors.

Key Features

* Novel Techniques for Advanced Materials

* Nanostructured Materials Synthesis

* Mesoporous Molecular Sieves

* Pillared Clays

* Heteropoly Acids

* Nanostructured Supported Metal Catalysts

* Nanostructured Metal Oxide Catalysts and Materials

* Nanostructured Zeolite Materials

* Vapor Phase Materials Synthesis

* Sonochemical Materials Synthesis

* Aerosol Methods of Catalyst Synthesis

* Hydrodynamic Cavitational Techniques for Catalyst and Materials Synthesis

* Novel Sol-Gel Methods for Catalyst Synthesis

* Supercritical Methods for Materials Synthesis

* Liquid Crystal Techniques for Mesoporous Materials

* Micelle Techniques for Nanostructured Catalyst Preparation

* Fluidized Bed Techniques in Chemical Vapor Deposition

* Flame Methods of Advanced Catalyst Synthesis.

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Heterogeneous Catalysis Research Progress

Heterogeneous Catalysis Research Progress.

By Mathias B. Gunther

• Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
• Number Of Pages: 465
• Publication Date: 2008-10
• ISBN-10 / ASIN: 1604569794
• ISBN-13 / EAN: 9781604569797

Product Description:

Heterogeneous catalysis is a chemistry term which describes catalysis where the catalyst is in a different phase (ie. solid, liquid and gas, but also oil and water) to the reactants. Heterogeneous catalysts provide a surface for the chemical reaction to take place on. In order for the reaction to occur, one or more of the reactants must diffuse to the catalyst surface and adsorb onto it. After reaction, the products must desorb from the surface and diffuse away from the solid surface. Frequently, this transport of reactants and products from one phase to another plays a dominant role in limiting the reaction rate.Understanding these transport phenomena and surface chemistry such as dispersion is an important area of heterogeneous catalyst research. Catalyst surface area may also be considered. Mesoporous silicates, for example, have found utility as catalysts because their surface areas may be in excess of 1000 m/g, which increases the probability that a reactant molecule in solution will come in contact with the catalyst surface and adsorb. If diffusion rates are not taken into account, the reaction rates for various reactions on surfaces depend solely on the rate constants and reactant concentrations. Asymmetric heterogeneous catalysis can be used to synthesize enantiomerically pure compounds using chiral heterogeneous catalysts. The field is of great industrial and environmental importance.

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Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, Chiral Reagents for Asymmetric Synthesis

Hardcover: 582 pagesPublisher: Wiley; 1 edition (August 15, 2003)Language: EnglishISBN-10: 0470856254ISBN-13: 978-0470856253Review"...a useful volume to have in your library..." -- Organic Process Research & Dev"...this handbook has much to recommend it...an outstanding collection of key information on important chiral reagents..." -- Angewandte Chemie, 43, 2004"The aim of this handbook is to provide indispensable information about many of the optically active reagents and catalysts presently in use.” (Journal of the American Chemistry Society, Volume 126, No. 14, 2004) “...an outstanding collection of key information...haps readers to overcome problems...allows them to simply enjoy refreshing or expanding their knowledge...can be recommended to anyone interested in asymmetric synthesis, starting from the undergraduate level on.” (Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 43, 2004) "...a useful volume to have in your library..." (Organic Process Research & Dev) Product DescriptionDerived from the renowned, Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (EROS), the related editors have created a new handbook which focuses on chiral reagents used in asymmetric synthesis and is designed for the chemist at the bench. This new handbook follows the same format as the Encyclopedia, including an introduction and an alphabetical arrangement of the reagents. As chiral reagents are the key for the successful asymmetric synthesis, choosing the right reagents is essential, in this handy reference the editors give details on how to prepare, store and use the reagents as well as providing key reactions to demonstrate where reagents have been successfully used. * Comprehensive information on 226 reagents * Covers 64 reagents which were not included in EROS * All information in one easy to use volume – at an affordable price All reagents included will be added to e-EROS – please visit the site where you can gain access to over 50,000 reactions and 3,800 of the most frequently consulted reagents. Visit: www.interscience.wiley.com/eros

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Industrial Catalysis: Optimizing Catalysts and Processes

description
Industrial Catalysis: Optimizing Catalysts and Processes. By Ruud I. Wijngaarden, K. Roel Westerterp, A. Kronberg Publisher: Wiley-VCH Number Of Pages: 285 Publication Date: 1998-11-09 ISBN-10 / ASIN: 3527285814 ISBN-13 / EAN: 9783527285815 Product Description: This is a book for developers of catalysts, and for practitioners working in the field of design, operation, and optimization of chemical reactors in which heterogeneous catalysis is performed. It is designed to give a better understanding of the phenomena which can influence catalyst performance. Since two disciplines, chemistry and chemical engineering, meet in catalyst research and development, this book covers the chemical point of view for engineers, and the engineering point of view for chemists. It starts with an introduction explaining selectivity, activity and effectiveness providing the fundamentals for the newcomer. Catalyst preparation and catalyst testing are also described. A method is introduced that can be used to calculate the effectiveness of catalyst pellets as a function of shape, size, pore size, type of kinetics and diffusion, and temperature and pressure conditions. Optimization of catalysts and troubleshooting are also covered. This is a book without any rilvals because of its practical relevance. DOWNLOAD LINK: http://ifile.it/wyna79t/3527285814__gigle.ws.rar

Palladium Reagents and Catalysts: New Perspectives for the 21st Century

Palladium Reagents and Catalysts: New Perspectives for the 21st Century.

Publisher: WileyBlackwell | ISBN: 0470850329 | 2nd Revised edition edition (23 April 2004) | Pages: 670 | PDF | 6 MB

"...amazing that a single book of such scope could actually be written...achieved just the right balance..."

1 The Basic Chemistry of Organopalladium Compounds

2 Oxidative Reactions with Pd(II) Compounds

3 Pd(0)-Catalyzed Reactions of sp2 Organic Halides and Pseudohalides

4 Pd(0)-Catalyzed Reactions of Allylic Compounds via π-Allylpalladium Complexes

5 Pd(0)-Catalyzed Reactions of 1,3-Dienes, 1,2-Dienes (Allenes), and Methylenecyclopropanes

6 Pd(0)-Catalyzed Reactions of Propargyl Compounds

7 Pd(0)- and Pd(II)-Catalyzed Reactions of Alkynes and Benzynes

8 Pd(0)-Catalyzed Reactions of Alkenes

9 Pd(0)-Catalyzed Miscellaneous Reactions of Carbon Monoxide

10 Miscellaneous Reactions Catalyzed by Chiral and Achiral Pd(II) Complexes.

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Catalyst Preparation: Science and Engineering

Catalyst Preparation: Science and Engineering.

Publisher: CRC | Pages: 488 | 2006-12-26 | ISBN 0849370884 | PDF | 14 MB

Improving the effectiveness of catalysts is the best way to ensure cleaner, more efficient industrial processes for a wide range of applications. Catalyst Preparation: Science and Engineering explores the optimization of catalytic materials through traditional and novel methods of catalyst preparation, characterization, and monitoring on laboratory and industrial scales. The book presents many key principles of heterogeneous catalyst preparation and the methods used to synthesize a catalyst with a particular composition and morphology. The first chapters examine the synthesis of bulk materials including amorphous and mesoporous oxide supports, heteropolyacids, and colloidal metals. Subsequent chapters focus on the syntheses of heterogeneous nanoscale materials, including those based on metal complex-substrate interactions and those using non-interacting precursors via viscous drying. The final chapters concentrate on pretreatment, drying, and finishing effects before concluding with a prognosis on future applications involving catalyst preparation and the technological advances necessary for continued progress. An ideal companion for scientists exploring the preparation of application-specific catalysts based on desired catalytic properties, Catalyst Preparation: Science and Engineering provides a balanced overview of important synthesis parameters to consider for good catalyst design.

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Carbon Materials for Catalysis

Philippe Serp, José Luis Figueiredo "Carbon Materials for Catalysis".

Wiley | 2008-12-31 | ISBN: 047017885X | 579 pages | PDF | 25 MB

This is the first comprehensive book covering all aspects of the use of carbonaceous materials in heterogeneous catalysis. It covers the preparation and characterization of carbon supports and carbon-supported catalysts; carbon surface chemistry in catalysis; the description of catalytic, photo-catalytic, or electro-catalytic reactions, including the development of new carbon materials such as carbon xerogels, aerogels, or carbon nanotubes; and new carbon-based materials in catalytic or adsorption processes. This is a premier reference for carbon, inorganic, and physical chemists, materials scientists and engineers, chemical engineers, and others.

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Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts: New Approaches based on Synthesis, Characterization and Modeling

Umit S. Ozkan "Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts: New Approaches based on Synthesis, Characterization and Modeling".

Wiley-VCH | English | 2009-03-23 | ISBN: 3527320792 | 340 pages | PDF | 5,1 MB

This long-awaited reference source is the first book to focus on this important and hot topic. As such, it provides examples from a wide array of fields where catalyst design has been based on new insights and understanding, presenting such modern and important topics as self-assembly, nature-inspired catalysis, nano-scale architecture of surfaces and theoretical methods. With its inclusion of all the useful and powerful tools for the rational design of catalysts, this is a true "must have" book for every researcher in the field.

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Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts: New Approaches based on Synthesis, Characterization and Modeling

Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts: New Approaches based on Synthesis, Characterization and Modeling.
By Umit S. Ozkan

• Publisher: Wiley-VCH
• Number Of Pages: 340
• Publication Date: 2009-03-23
• ISBN-10 / ASIN: 3527320792
• ISBN-13 / EAN: 978352732079

Product Description:

This long-awaited reference source is the first book to focus on this important and hot topic. As such, it provides examples from a wide array of fields where catalyst design has been based on new insights and understanding, presenting such modern and important topics as self-assembly, nature-inspired catalysis, nano-scale architecture of surfaces and theoretical methods. With its inclusion of all the useful and powerful tools for the rational design of catalysts, this is a true "must have" book for every researcher in the field.

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Organometallic Oxidation Catalysis (Topics in Organometallic Chemistry)

Franc Meyer , Christian Limberg, "Organometallic Oxidation Catalysis (Topics in Organometallic Chemistry)."
Springer; 1 edition (February 2007) | ISBN: 3540372091 | 364 pages | PDF | 5,1 Mb

Eighty per cent of all compounds produced in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries require at least one essential catalytic step during their synthesis. At the same time the use of hydrocarbons as a feed-stock for commodity and fine chemicals typically requires an oxidation step, which is usually mediated by a transition metal compound. Consequently oxidation catalysis is a major research field in chemistry, both in academia and in industry. In many such processes, species with metal-carbon bonds are formed as key intermediates, and these processes represent the primary focus of this volume. An important aspect covered by some of the expert contributors is the use of organic ligands - and thus organometallic complex metal fragments - to achieve efficient oxidation catalysis. It has not been self-evident that organometallic complexes can survive the conditions necessary for polar oxygen-transfer reactions, but research over the last decade concerning oxo and peroxo complexes functionalized by organic ligands has clearly shown that relatively non-polar M-C bonds can be quite stable in the presence of oxidants and protic media, and that they may even be essential for the favourable activity and life-time of a catalyst. Also considered in this context is the oxidation chemistry of basic organometallic species in the gas phase, as this may reveal fundamental characteristics inherent to oxidation catalysts.

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High Throughput Synthesis

High Throughput Synthesis by: Irving Sucholeiki
Publisher: CRC Press | 22 Feb 2001 | ISBN: 0824702565 | Pages: 400 | PDF | 9.2 MB

An exploration of high-throughput synthesis, this book presents a compilation of how-to methods, novel materials, and catalyst developments for creating a multitude of new compounds. Introductory sections are coupled with in-depth case studies clarifying theory through practice. The book emphasizes the potential for reproducing experiments in detail.

Table of Contents
Theory and methods in solid phase organic synthesis: an introduction to solid phase organic synthesis; methods of analysis to determine the progress of a chemical reaction on solid support. High throughput synthesis for drug discovery: high throughput organic synthesis - a perspective looking back on 10 years of combinatorial chemistry; techniques and strategies for producing compound libraries for biological screening; high throughput purification strategies; automating high throughput organic synthesis. High throughput synthesis of new materials and catalysts: synthesis and high throughput evaluation of complex functional materials chips; high throughput screening of catalyst libraries. New directions in high throughput synthesis: microfluidic analysis, screening and synthesis; sensors; the use of magnetic separation coupled with power ultrasound for high throughput solid phase organic synthesis.

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Carbon Materials for Catalysis

Philippe Serp, José Luis Figueiredo "Carbon Materials for Catalysis."
Wiley | 2008-12-31 | ISBN: 047017885X | 579 pages | PDF | 25 MB

This is the first comprehensive book covering all aspects of the use of carbonaceous materials in heterogeneous catalysis. It covers the preparation and characterization of carbon supports and carbon-supported catalysts; carbon surface chemistry in catalysis; the description of catalytic, photo-catalytic, or electro-catalytic reactions, including the development of new carbon materials such as carbon xerogels, aerogels, or carbon nanotubes; and new carbon-based materials in catalytic or adsorption processes. This is a premier reference for carbon, inorganic, and physical chemists, materials scientists and engineers, chemical engineers, and others.

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"Organometallic Chemistry Research Perspectives."

Richard P. Irwin, "Organometallic Chemistry Research Perspectives."
Nova Science Publishers | 2008-03-30 | ISBN: 160021780X | 309 pages | PDF | 7,2 MB

Organometallic chemistry is based on the reactions and use of a class of compounds (R-M) that contain a covalent bond between carbon and metal. They are prepared either by direct reaction of the metal with an organic compound or by replacement of a metal from another organometallic substance. Research in organometallic chemistry is also conducted in the areas of cluster synthesis, main-group derivatives in unusual oxidation states, organometallic polymers, unstable organometallic compounds and intermediates in matrices, structure determination of organometallic compounds in the solid state [X-ray diffraction] and gaseous states [electron diffraction], and mechanisms of reactions of transient silylenes and related species.In addition to the traditional metals and semimetals, elements such as selenium, lithium and magnesium are considered to form organometallic compounds, e.g. organomagnesium compounds MeMgI, iodo(methyl)magnesium and diethylmagnesium which are Grignard reagents an organo-lithium compound BuLi butyllithium. Organometallic compounds often find practical use as catalysts, the processing of petroleum products and the production of organic polymers. This book presents leading-edge new research in the field.

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Catalysis: An Integrated Approach to Homogenous, Heterogenous and Industrial Catalysis (Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis)

Catalysis: An Integrated Approach to Homogenous, Heterogenous and Industrial Catalysis (Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis)
By Jacob A. Moulijn, Piet W. N. M. Van Leeuwen

• Publisher: Elsevier Science Pub Co
• Number Of Pages: 485
• Publication Date: 1993-09-01
• ISBN-10 / ASIN: 044489229X
• ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780444892294

Annotation

Catalysis is a multidisciplinary activity which is reflected in this book. The editors have chosen a novel combination of basic disciplines - homogeneous catalysis by metal complexes is treated jointly with heterogeneous catalysis with metallic and non-metallic solids. The main theme of the book is the molecular approach to industrial catalysis.

In the introductory section Chapter 1 presents a brief survey of the history of industrial heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis. Subsequently, a selection of current industrial catalytic processes is described (Chapter 2). A broad spectrum of important catalytic applications is presented, including the basic chemistry, some engineering aspects, feedstock sources and product utilisation. In Chapter 3, kinetic principles are treated.

The section on fundamental catalysis begins with a description of the bonding in complexes and to surfaces (Chapter 4). The elementary steps on complexes and surfaces are described. The chapter on heterogeneous catalysis (5) deals with the mechanistic aspects of three groups of important reactions: syn-gas conversion, hydrogenation, and oxidation. The main principles of metal and metal oxide catalysis are presented. Likewise, the chapter on homogeneous catalysis (6) concentrates on three reactions representing examples from three areas: carbonylation, polymerization, and asymmetric catalysis. Identification by in situ techniques has been included. Many constraints to the industrial use of a catalyst have a macroscopic origin. In applied catalysis it is shown how catalytic reaction engineering deals with such macroscopic considerations in heterogeneous as well as homogeneouscatalysis (Chapter 7). The transport and kinetic phenomena in both model reactors and industrial reactors are outlined.

The section on catalyst preparation (Chapters 8 and 9) is concerned with the preparation of catalyst supports, zeolites, and supported catalysts, with an emphasis on general principles and mechanistic aspects. For the supported catalysts the relation between the preparative method and the surface chemistry of the support is highlighted. The molecular approach is maintained throughout. The first chapter (10) in the section on catalyst characterization summarizes the most common spectroscopic techniques used for the characterisation of heterogeneous catalysts such as XPS, Auger, EXAFS, etc. Temperature programmed techniques, which have found widespread application in heterogeneous catalysis both in catalyst characterization and simulation of pretreatment procedures, are discussed in Chapter 11. A discussion of texture measurement, theory and application, concludes this section (12). The final chapter (13) gives an outline of current trends in catalysis. Two points of view are adopted: the first one focusses on developments in process engineering. Most often these have their origin in demands by society for better processes. The second point of view draws attention to the autonomous developments in catalysis, which is becoming one of the frontier sciences of physics and chemistry. In this book emphasis is on those reactions catalyzed by heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts of industrial relevance. The integrative treatment of the subject matter involves many disciplines, consequently, the writing of the book has been a multi-author task. The editors have carefully planned and harmonized the contents of the chapters

BooknewsCatalysis is a multidisciplinary activity, which is reflected in this volume by the choice of a novel combination of basic disciplines--homogeneous catalysis by metal complexes is treated jointly with heterogeneous catalysis with metallic and non-metallic solids. The main theme is the molecular approach to industrial catalysis. The volume contains 13 chapters in six sections: introduction; fundamental catalysis; applied catalysis; catalyst preparation; catalyst characterization; and future trends.

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